phpv8/v8js_convert.cc

/*
  +----------------------------------------------------------------------+
  | PHP Version 5                                                        |
  +----------------------------------------------------------------------+
  | Copyright (c) 1997-2013 The PHP Group                                |
  +----------------------------------------------------------------------+
  | http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php  MIT License      |
  +----------------------------------------------------------------------+
  | Author: Jani Taskinen <jani.taskinen@iki.fi>                         |
  | Author: Patrick Reilly <preilly@php.net>                             |
  +----------------------------------------------------------------------+
*/

/* $Id$ */

#ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
#include "config.h"
#endif

extern "C" {
#include "php.h"
#include "ext/date/php_date.h"
#include "ext/standard/php_string.h"
#include "zend_interfaces.h"
#include "zend_closures.h"
}

#include "php_v8js_macros.h"
#include <v8.h>
#include <stdexcept>
#include <limits>

static void php_v8js_weak_object_callback(const v8::WeakCallbackData<v8::Object, zval> &data);

/* Callback for PHP methods and functions */
static void php_v8js_call_php_func(zval *value, zend_class_entry *ce, zend_function *method_ptr, v8::Isolate *isolate, const v8::FunctionCallbackInfo<v8::Value>& info TSRMLS_DC) /* {{{ */
{
	v8::Handle<v8::Value> return_value;
	zend_fcall_info fci;
	zend_fcall_info_cache fcc;
	zval fname, *retval_ptr = NULL, **argv = NULL;
	zend_uint argc = info.Length(), min_num_args = 0, max_num_args = 0;
	char *error;
	int error_len, i, flags = V8JS_FLAG_NONE;

	/* Set parameter limits */
	min_num_args = method_ptr->common.required_num_args;
	max_num_args = method_ptr->common.num_args;

	/* Function name to call */
	ZVAL_STRING(&fname, method_ptr->common.function_name, 0);

	/* zend_fcall_info */
	fci.size = sizeof(fci);
	fci.function_table = &ce->function_table;
	fci.function_name = &fname;
	fci.symbol_table = NULL;
	fci.object_ptr = value;
	fci.retval_ptr_ptr = &retval_ptr;
	fci.param_count = 0;

	/* Check for passed vs required number of arguments */
	if (argc < min_num_args)
	{
		error_len = spprintf(&error, 0,
			"%s::%s() expects %s %d parameter%s, %d given",
				ce->name,
				method_ptr->common.function_name,
				min_num_args == max_num_args ? "exactly" : argc < min_num_args ? "at least" : "at most",
				argc < min_num_args ? min_num_args : max_num_args,
				(argc < min_num_args ? min_num_args : max_num_args) == 1 ? "" : "s",
				argc);

		return_value = V8JS_THROW(isolate, TypeError, error, error_len);
		if (ce == zend_ce_closure) {
			efree(const_cast<char*>(method_ptr->internal_function.function_name));
			efree(method_ptr);
		}
		efree(error);
		info.GetReturnValue().Set(return_value);
		return;
	}

	/* Convert parameters passed from V8 */
	if (argc) {
		flags = V8JS_GLOBAL_GET_FLAGS(isolate);
		fci.params = (zval ***) safe_emalloc(argc, sizeof(zval **), 0);
		argv = (zval **) safe_emalloc(argc, sizeof(zval *), 0);
		for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
			v8::Local<v8::Value> php_object;
			if (info[i]->IsObject()) {
				php_object = v8::Local<v8::Object>::Cast(info[i])->GetHiddenValue(V8JS_SYM(PHPJS_OBJECT_KEY));
			}
			if (!php_object.IsEmpty()) {
				/* This is a PHP object, passed to JS and back. */
				argv[i] = reinterpret_cast<zval *>(v8::External::Cast(*php_object)->Value());
				Z_ADDREF_P(argv[i]);
			} else {
				MAKE_STD_ZVAL(argv[i]);
				if (v8js_to_zval(info[i], argv[i], flags, isolate TSRMLS_CC) == FAILURE) {
					fci.param_count++;
					error_len = spprintf(&error, 0, "converting parameter #%d passed to %s() failed", i + 1, method_ptr->common.function_name);
					return_value = V8JS_THROW(isolate, Error, error, error_len);
					efree(error);
					goto failure;
				}
			}

			fci.params[fci.param_count++] = &argv[i];
 		}
	} else {
		fci.params = NULL;
	}
	fci.no_separation = 1;

	{
		isolate->Exit();
		v8::Unlocker unlocker(isolate);

		/* zend_fcall_info_cache */
		fcc.initialized = 1;
		fcc.function_handler = method_ptr;
		fcc.calling_scope = ce;
		fcc.called_scope = ce;
		fcc.object_ptr = value;

		/* Call the method */
		zend_call_function(&fci, &fcc TSRMLS_CC);
	}

	isolate->Enter();

failure:
	/* Cleanup */
	if (argc) {
		for (i = 0; i < fci.param_count; i++) {
			zval_ptr_dtor(&argv[i]);
		}
		efree(argv);
		efree(fci.params);
	}

	if (retval_ptr != NULL) {
		return_value = zval_to_v8js(retval_ptr, isolate TSRMLS_CC);
		zval_ptr_dtor(&retval_ptr);
	} else {
		return_value = V8JS_NULL;
	}

	info.GetReturnValue().Set(return_value);
}
/* }}} */

/* Callback for PHP methods and functions */
static void php_v8js_php_callback(const v8::FunctionCallbackInfo<v8::Value>& info) /* {{{ */
{
	v8::Isolate *isolate = info.GetIsolate();
	v8::Local<v8::Object> self = info.Holder();

	V8JS_TSRMLS_FETCH();
	zval *value = reinterpret_cast<zval *>(v8::External::Cast(*self->GetHiddenValue(V8JS_SYM(PHPJS_OBJECT_KEY)))->Value());
	zend_function *method_ptr;
	zend_class_entry *ce = Z_OBJCE_P(value);

	/* Set method_ptr from v8::External or fetch the closure invoker */
	if (!info.Data().IsEmpty() && info.Data()->IsExternal()) {
		method_ptr = static_cast<zend_function *>(v8::External::Cast(*info.Data())->Value());
	} else {
		method_ptr = zend_get_closure_invoke_method(value TSRMLS_CC);
	}

	return php_v8js_call_php_func(value, ce, method_ptr, isolate, info TSRMLS_CC);
}

/* Callback for PHP constructor calls */
static void php_v8js_construct_callback(const v8::FunctionCallbackInfo<v8::Value>& info) /* {{{ */
{
	v8::Isolate *isolate = info.GetIsolate();
	info.GetReturnValue().Set(V8JS_UNDEFINED);

	// @todo assert constructor call
	v8::Handle<v8::Object> newobj = info.This();
	v8::Local<v8::External> php_object;
	zval *value;

	if (!info.IsConstructCall()) {
		return;
	}

	v8::Local<v8::Array> cons_data = v8::Local<v8::Array>::Cast(info.Data());
	v8::Local<v8::External> ext_tmpl = v8::Local<v8::External>::Cast(cons_data->Get(0));
	v8::Local<v8::External> ext_ce =  v8::Local<v8::External>::Cast(cons_data->Get(1));

	if (info[0]->IsExternal()) {
		// Object created by v8js in php_v8js_hash_to_jsobj, PHP object passed as v8::External.
		php_object = v8::Local<v8::External>::Cast(info[0]);
		value = reinterpret_cast<zval *>(php_object->Value());
		// Increase the reference count of this value because we're storing it internally for use later
		// See https://github.com/preillyme/v8js/issues/6
		Z_ADDREF_P(value);
	} else {
		// Object created from JavaScript context.  Need to create PHP object first.
		V8JS_TSRMLS_FETCH();
		zend_class_entry *ce = static_cast<zend_class_entry *>(ext_ce->Value());
		zend_function *ctor_ptr = ce->constructor;

		// Check access on __construct function, if any
		if (ctor_ptr != NULL && (ctor_ptr->common.fn_flags & ZEND_ACC_PUBLIC) == 0) {
			info.GetReturnValue().Set(isolate->ThrowException(V8JS_SYM("Call to protected __construct() not allowed")));
			return;
		}

		MAKE_STD_ZVAL(value);
		object_init_ex(value, ce);

		// Call __construct function
		if (ctor_ptr != NULL) {
			php_v8js_call_php_func(value, ce, ctor_ptr, isolate, info TSRMLS_CC);
		}
		php_object = V8JS_NEW(v8::External, isolate, value);
	}

	newobj->SetAlignedPointerInInternalField(0, ext_tmpl->Value());
	newobj->SetHiddenValue(V8JS_SYM(PHPJS_OBJECT_KEY), php_object);

	// Since we got to decrease the reference count again, in case v8 garbage collector
	// decides to dispose the JS object, we add a weak persistent handle and register
	// a callback function that removes the reference.
	v8::Persistent<v8::Object> persist_newobj(isolate, newobj);
	persist_newobj.SetWeak(value, php_v8js_weak_object_callback);

	// Just tell v8 that we're allocating some external memory
	// (for the moment we just always tell 1k instead of trying to find out actual values)
	isolate->AdjustAmountOfExternalAllocatedMemory(1024);
}
/* }}} */

static int _php_v8js_is_assoc_array(HashTable *myht TSRMLS_DC) /* {{{ */
{
	int i;
	char *key;
	ulong index, idx = 0;
	uint key_len;
	HashPosition pos;

	zend_hash_internal_pointer_reset_ex(myht, &pos);
	for (;; zend_hash_move_forward_ex(myht, &pos)) {
		i = zend_hash_get_current_key_ex(myht, &key, &key_len, &index, 0, &pos);
		if (i == HASH_KEY_NON_EXISTANT)
			break;
		if (i == HASH_KEY_IS_STRING || index != idx) {
			return 1;
		}
		idx++;
	}
	return 0;
}
/* }}} */

static void php_v8js_weak_object_callback(const v8::WeakCallbackData<v8::Object, zval> &data) {
	zval *value = data.GetParameter();
	zval_ptr_dtor(&value);

	data.GetIsolate()->AdjustAmountOfExternalAllocatedMemory(-1024);
}

static void php_v8js_weak_closure_callback(const v8::WeakCallbackData<v8::Object, v8js_tmpl_t> &data) {
	v8js_tmpl_t *persist_tpl_ = data.GetParameter();
	persist_tpl_->Reset();
	delete persist_tpl_;
};

/* These are not defined by Zend */
#define ZEND_WAKEUP_FUNC_NAME    "__wakeup"
#define ZEND_SLEEP_FUNC_NAME     "__sleep"
#define ZEND_SET_STATE_FUNC_NAME "__set_state"

#define IS_MAGIC_FUNC(mname) \
	((key_len == sizeof(mname)) && \
	!strncasecmp(key, mname, key_len - 1))

#define PHP_V8JS_CALLBACK(isolate, mptr, tmpl)										\
	v8::FunctionTemplate::New(php_v8js_php_callback, V8JS_NEW(v8::External, (isolate), mptr), V8JS_NEW(v8::Signature, (isolate), tmpl))->GetFunction()


static void php_v8js_named_property_enumerator(const v8::PropertyCallbackInfo<v8::Array> &info) /* {{{ */
{
	// note: 'special' properties like 'constructor' are not enumerated.
	v8::Isolate *isolate = info.GetIsolate();
	v8::Local<v8::Object> self = info.Holder();
	v8::Local<v8::Array> result = V8JS_NEW(v8::Array, isolate, 0);
	uint32_t result_len = 0;

	V8JS_TSRMLS_FETCH();
	zend_class_entry *ce;
	zend_function *method_ptr;
	HashTable *proptable;
	HashPosition pos;
	char *key = NULL;
	uint key_len;
	ulong index;

	zval *object = reinterpret_cast<zval *>(v8::External::Cast(*self->GetHiddenValue(V8JS_SYM(PHPJS_OBJECT_KEY)))->Value());
	ce = Z_OBJCE_P(object);

	/* enumerate all methods */
	zend_hash_internal_pointer_reset_ex(&ce->function_table, &pos);
	for (;; zend_hash_move_forward_ex(&ce->function_table, &pos)) {
		if (zend_hash_get_current_key_ex(&ce->function_table, &key, &key_len, &index, 0, &pos) != HASH_KEY_IS_STRING  ||
			zend_hash_get_current_data_ex(&ce->function_table, (void **) &method_ptr, &pos) == FAILURE
			) {
			break;
		}

		if ((method_ptr->common.fn_flags & ZEND_ACC_PUBLIC) == 0) {
			/* Allow only public methods */
			continue;
		}
		if ((method_ptr->common.fn_flags & (ZEND_ACC_CTOR|ZEND_ACC_DTOR|ZEND_ACC_CLONE)) != 0) {
			/* no __construct, __destruct(), or __clone() functions */
			continue;
		}
		// hide (do not enumerate) other PHP magic functions
		if (IS_MAGIC_FUNC(ZEND_CALLSTATIC_FUNC_NAME) ||
			IS_MAGIC_FUNC(ZEND_SLEEP_FUNC_NAME) ||
			IS_MAGIC_FUNC(ZEND_WAKEUP_FUNC_NAME) ||
			IS_MAGIC_FUNC(ZEND_SET_STATE_FUNC_NAME) ||
			IS_MAGIC_FUNC(ZEND_GET_FUNC_NAME) ||
			IS_MAGIC_FUNC(ZEND_SET_FUNC_NAME) ||
			IS_MAGIC_FUNC(ZEND_UNSET_FUNC_NAME) ||
			IS_MAGIC_FUNC(ZEND_CALL_FUNC_NAME) ||
			IS_MAGIC_FUNC(ZEND_INVOKE_FUNC_NAME) ||
			IS_MAGIC_FUNC(ZEND_ISSET_FUNC_NAME)) {
			continue;
		}
		v8::Local<v8::String> method_name = V8JS_STR(method_ptr->common.function_name);
		// rename PHP special method names to JS equivalents.
		if (IS_MAGIC_FUNC(ZEND_TOSTRING_FUNC_NAME)) {
			method_name = V8JS_SYM("toString");
		}
		result->Set(result_len++, method_name);
	}
	/* enumerate all properties */
	/* Z_OBJPROP uses the get_properties handler */
	proptable = Z_OBJPROP_P(object);
	zend_hash_internal_pointer_reset_ex(proptable, &pos);
	for (;; zend_hash_move_forward_ex(proptable, &pos)) {
		int i = zend_hash_get_current_key_ex(proptable, &key, &key_len, &index, 0, &pos);
		if (i == HASH_KEY_NON_EXISTANT)
			break;

		// for consistency with the 'in' operator, skip properties whose
		// value IS_NULL (like isset does)
		zval **data;
		if (zend_hash_get_current_data_ex(proptable, (void **) &data, &pos) == SUCCESS &&
			ZVAL_IS_NULL(*data))
			continue;

		if (i == HASH_KEY_IS_STRING) {
			/* skip protected and private members */
			if (key[0] == '\0') {
				continue;
			}
			// prefix enumerated property names with '$' so they can be
			// dereferenced unambiguously (ie, don't conflict with method
			// names)
			char prefixed[key_len + 1];
			prefixed[0] = '$';
			strncpy(prefixed + 1, key, key_len);
			result->Set(result_len++, V8JS_STRL(prefixed, key_len));
		} else {
			// even numeric indices are enumerated as strings in JavaScript
			result->Set(result_len++, V8JS_FLOAT((double) index)->ToString());
		}
	}

	/* done */
	info.GetReturnValue().Set(result);
}
/* }}} */

static void php_v8js_invoke_callback(const v8::FunctionCallbackInfo<v8::Value>& info) /* {{{ */
{
	v8::Local<v8::Object> self = info.Holder();
	v8::Local<v8::Function> cb = v8::Local<v8::Function>::Cast(info.Data());
	int argc = info.Length(), i;
	v8::Local<v8::Value> argv[argc];
	v8::Local<v8::Value> result;

	for (i=0; i<argc; i++) {
		argv[i] = info[i];
	}
	if (info.IsConstructCall() && self->GetConstructor()->IsFunction()) {
		// this is a 'new obj(...)' invocation.  Handle this like PHP does;
		// that is, treat it as synonymous with 'new obj.constructor(...)'
		cb = v8::Local<v8::Function>::Cast(self->GetConstructor());
		result = cb->NewInstance(argc, argv);
	} else {
		result = cb->Call(self, argc, argv);
	}
	info.GetReturnValue().Set(result);
}
/* }}} */

// this is a magic '__call' implementation for PHP classes which don't actually
// have a '__call' magic function.  This way we can always force a method
// call (as opposed to a property get) from JavaScript using __call.
static void php_v8js_fake_call_impl(const v8::FunctionCallbackInfo<v8::Value>& info) /* {{{ */
{
	v8::Isolate *isolate = info.GetIsolate();
	v8::Local<v8::Object> self = info.Holder();
	v8::Handle<v8::Value> return_value;

	char *error;
	int error_len;

	V8JS_TSRMLS_FETCH();
	zend_class_entry *ce;
	zval *object = reinterpret_cast<zval *>(v8::External::Cast(*self->GetHiddenValue(V8JS_SYM(PHPJS_OBJECT_KEY)))->Value());
	ce = Z_OBJCE_P(object);

	// first arg is method name, second arg is array of args.
	if (info.Length() < 2) {
		error_len = spprintf(&error, 0,
			"%s::__call expects 2 parameters, %d given",
			ce->name, (int) info.Length());
		return_value = V8JS_THROW(isolate, TypeError, error, error_len);
		efree(error);
		info.GetReturnValue().Set(return_value);
		return;
	}
	if (!info[1]->IsArray()) {
		error_len = spprintf(&error, 0,
			"%s::__call expects 2nd parameter to be an array",
			ce->name);
		return_value = V8JS_THROW(isolate, TypeError, error, error_len);
		efree(error);
		info.GetReturnValue().Set(return_value);
		return;
	}
	v8::String::Utf8Value str(info[0]->ToString());
	const char *method_name = ToCString(str);
	uint method_name_len = strlen(method_name);
	v8::Local<v8::Array> args = v8::Local<v8::Array>::Cast(info[1]);
	if (args->Length() > 1000000) {
		// prevent overflow, since args->Length() is a uint32_t and args
		// in the Function->Call method below is a (signed) int.
		error_len = spprintf(&error, 0,
			"%s::__call expects fewer than a million arguments",
			ce->name);
		return_value = V8JS_THROW(isolate, TypeError, error, error_len);
		efree(error);
		info.GetReturnValue().Set(return_value);
		return;
	}
	// okay, look up the method name and manually invoke it.
	const zend_object_handlers *h = Z_OBJ_HT_P(object);
	zend_function *method_ptr =
		h->get_method(&object, (char*)method_name, method_name_len
			ZEND_HASH_KEY_NULL TSRMLS_CC);
	if (method_ptr == NULL ||
		(method_ptr->common.fn_flags & ZEND_ACC_PUBLIC) == 0 ||
		(method_ptr->common.fn_flags & (ZEND_ACC_CTOR|ZEND_ACC_DTOR|ZEND_ACC_CLONE)) != 0) {
		error_len = spprintf(&error, 0,
			"%s::__call to %s method %s", ce->name,
			(method_ptr == NULL) ? "undefined" : "non-public", method_name);
		return_value = V8JS_THROW(isolate, TypeError, error, error_len);
		efree(error);
		info.GetReturnValue().Set(return_value);
		return;
	}

	v8::Local<v8::FunctionTemplate> tmpl =
		v8::Local<v8::FunctionTemplate>::New
			(isolate, *reinterpret_cast<v8js_tmpl_t *>(self->GetAlignedPointerFromInternalField(0)));
	// use php_v8js_php_callback to actually execute the method
	v8::Local<v8::Function> cb = PHP_V8JS_CALLBACK(isolate, method_ptr, tmpl);
	uint32_t i, argc = args->Length();
	v8::Local<v8::Value> argv[argc];
	for (i=0; i<argc; i++) {
		argv[i] = args->Get(i);
	}
	return_value = cb->Call(info.This(), (int) argc, argv);
	info.GetReturnValue().Set(return_value);
}
/* }}} */

typedef enum {
	V8JS_PROP_GETTER,
	V8JS_PROP_SETTER,
	V8JS_PROP_QUERY,
	V8JS_PROP_DELETER
} property_op_t;

/* This method handles named property and method get/set/query/delete. */
template<typename T>
static inline v8::Local<v8::Value> php_v8js_named_property_callback(v8::Local<v8::String> property, const v8::PropertyCallbackInfo<T> &info, property_op_t callback_type, v8::Local<v8::Value> set_value = v8::Local<v8::Value>()) /* {{{ */
{
	v8::Isolate *isolate = info.GetIsolate();
	v8::String::Utf8Value cstr(property);
	const char *name = ToCString(cstr);
	uint name_len = strlen(name);
	char *lower = estrndup(name, name_len);
	const char *method_name;
	uint method_name_len;

	v8::Local<v8::Object> self = info.Holder();
	v8::Local<v8::Value> ret_value;
	v8::Local<v8::Function> cb;

	V8JS_TSRMLS_FETCH();
	zend_class_entry *scope, *ce;
	zend_function *method_ptr = NULL;
	zval *php_value;

	zval *object = reinterpret_cast<zval *>(v8::External::Cast(*self->GetHiddenValue(V8JS_SYM(PHPJS_OBJECT_KEY)))->Value());
	v8::Local<v8::FunctionTemplate> tmpl =
		v8::Local<v8::FunctionTemplate>::New
		(isolate, *reinterpret_cast<v8js_tmpl_t *>(self->GetAlignedPointerFromInternalField(0)));
	ce = scope = Z_OBJCE_P(object);

	/* First, check the (case-insensitive) method table */
	php_strtolower(lower, name_len);
	method_name = lower;
	method_name_len = name_len;
	// toString() -> __tostring()
	if (name_len == 8 && strcmp(name, "toString") == 0) {
		method_name = ZEND_TOSTRING_FUNC_NAME;
		method_name_len = sizeof(ZEND_TOSTRING_FUNC_NAME) - 1;
	}
	bool is_constructor = (name_len == 11 && strcmp(name, "constructor") == 0);
	bool is_magic_call = (method_name_len == 6 && strcmp(method_name, "__call") == 0);
	if (is_constructor ||
		(name[0] != '$' /* leading '$' means property, not method */ &&
		 zend_hash_find(&ce->function_table, method_name, method_name_len + 1, (void**)&method_ptr) == SUCCESS &&
		 ((method_ptr->common.fn_flags & ZEND_ACC_PUBLIC) != 0) && /* Allow only public methods */
		 ((method_ptr->common.fn_flags & (ZEND_ACC_CTOR|ZEND_ACC_DTOR|ZEND_ACC_CLONE)) == 0) /* no __construct, __destruct(), or __clone() functions */
		 ) || (method_ptr=NULL, is_magic_call)
	) {
		if (callback_type == V8JS_PROP_GETTER) {
			if (is_constructor) {
				ret_value = self->GetConstructor();
			} else {
				if (is_magic_call && method_ptr==NULL) {
					// Fake __call implementation
					// (only use this if method_ptr==NULL, which means
					//  there is no actual PHP __call() implementation)
					v8::Local<v8::Function> cb =
						v8::FunctionTemplate::New(
							php_v8js_fake_call_impl, V8JS_NULL,
							V8JS_NEW(v8::Signature, isolate, tmpl))->GetFunction();
					cb->SetName(property);
					ret_value = cb;
				} else {
					ret_value = PHP_V8JS_CALLBACK(isolate, method_ptr, tmpl);
				}
			}
		} else if (callback_type == V8JS_PROP_QUERY) {
			// methods are not enumerable
			ret_value = v8::Integer::NewFromUnsigned(v8::ReadOnly|v8::DontEnum|v8::DontDelete, isolate);
		} else if (callback_type == V8JS_PROP_SETTER) {
			ret_value = set_value; // lie.  this field is read-only.
		} else if (callback_type == V8JS_PROP_DELETER) {
			ret_value = V8JS_BOOL(false);
		} else {
			/* shouldn't reach here! but bail safely */
			ret_value = v8::Handle<v8::Value>();
		}
	} else {
		if (name[0]=='$') {
			// this is a property (not a method)
			name++; name_len--;
		}
		if (callback_type == V8JS_PROP_GETTER) {
			/* Nope, not a method -- must be a (case-sensitive) property */
			php_value = zend_read_property(scope, object, V8JS_CONST name, name_len, true TSRMLS_CC);
			// special case uninitialized_zval_ptr and return an empty value
			// (indicating that we don't intercept this property) if the
			// property doesn't exist.
			if (php_value == EG(uninitialized_zval_ptr)) {
				ret_value = v8::Handle<v8::Value>();
			} else {
				// wrap it
				ret_value = zval_to_v8js(php_value, isolate TSRMLS_CC);
				/* We don't own the reference to php_value... unless the
				 * returned refcount was 0, in which case the below code
				 * will free it. */
				zval_add_ref(&php_value);
				zval_ptr_dtor(&php_value);
			}
		} else if (callback_type == V8JS_PROP_SETTER) {
			MAKE_STD_ZVAL(php_value);
			if (v8js_to_zval(set_value, php_value, 0, isolate TSRMLS_CC) == SUCCESS) {
				zend_update_property(scope, object, V8JS_CONST name, name_len, php_value TSRMLS_CC);
				ret_value = set_value;
			} else {
				ret_value = v8::Handle<v8::Value>();
			}
			// if PHP wanted to hold on to this value, update_property would
			// have bumped the refcount
			zval_ptr_dtor(&php_value);
		} else if (callback_type == V8JS_PROP_QUERY ||
				   callback_type == V8JS_PROP_DELETER) {
			const zend_object_handlers *h = Z_OBJ_HT_P(object);
			zval *prop;
			MAKE_STD_ZVAL(prop);
			ZVAL_STRINGL(prop, name, name_len, 1);
			if (callback_type == V8JS_PROP_QUERY) {
				if (h->has_property(object, prop, 0 ZEND_HASH_KEY_NULL TSRMLS_CC)) {
					ret_value = v8::Integer::NewFromUnsigned(v8::None);
				} else {
					ret_value = v8::Handle<v8::Value>(); // empty handle
				}
			} else {
				h->unset_property(object, prop ZEND_HASH_KEY_NULL TSRMLS_CC);
				ret_value = V8JS_BOOL(true);
			}
			zval_ptr_dtor(&prop);
		} else {
			/* shouldn't reach here! but bail safely */
			ret_value = v8::Handle<v8::Value>();
		}
	}

	efree(lower);
	return ret_value;
}
/* }}} */

static void php_v8js_named_property_getter(v8::Local<v8::String> property, const v8::PropertyCallbackInfo<v8::Value> &info) /* {{{ */
{
	info.GetReturnValue().Set(php_v8js_named_property_callback(property, info, V8JS_PROP_GETTER));
}
/* }}} */

static void php_v8js_named_property_setter(v8::Local<v8::String> property, v8::Local<v8::Value> value, const v8::PropertyCallbackInfo<v8::Value> &info) /* {{{ */
{
	info.GetReturnValue().Set(php_v8js_named_property_callback(property, info, V8JS_PROP_SETTER, value));
}
/* }}} */

static void php_v8js_named_property_query(v8::Local<v8::String> property, const v8::PropertyCallbackInfo<v8::Integer> &info) /* {{{ */
{
	v8::Local<v8::Value> r = php_v8js_named_property_callback(property, info, V8JS_PROP_QUERY);
	if (!r.IsEmpty()) {
		info.GetReturnValue().Set(r->ToInteger());
	}
}
/* }}} */

static void php_v8js_named_property_deleter(v8::Local<v8::String> property, const v8::PropertyCallbackInfo<v8::Boolean> &info) /* {{{ */
{
	v8::Local<v8::Value> r = php_v8js_named_property_callback(property, info, V8JS_PROP_DELETER);
	if (!r.IsEmpty()) {
		info.GetReturnValue().Set(r->ToBoolean());
	}
}
/* }}} */

static v8::Handle<v8::Value> php_v8js_hash_to_jsobj(zval *value, v8::Isolate *isolate TSRMLS_DC) /* {{{ */
{
	v8::Handle<v8::Object> newobj;
	int i;
	char *key = NULL;
	ulong index;
	uint key_len;
	HashTable *myht;
	HashPosition pos;
	zend_class_entry *ce = NULL;

	if (Z_TYPE_P(value) == IS_ARRAY) {
		myht = HASH_OF(value);
	} else {
		myht = Z_OBJPROP_P(value);
		ce = Z_OBJCE_P(value);
	}

	/* Prevent recursion */
	if (myht && myht->nApplyCount > 1) {
		return V8JS_NULL;
	}

	/* Object methods */
	if (ce == php_ce_v8_function) {
		php_v8js_object *c = (php_v8js_object *) zend_object_store_get_object(value TSRMLS_CC);
		v8::Local<v8::Value> v8obj = v8::Local<v8::Value>::New(isolate, c->v8obj);

		return v8obj;
	} else if (ce) {
#if PHP_V8_API_VERSION <= 3023008
		/* Until V8 3.23.8 Isolate could only take one external pointer. */
		php_v8js_ctx *ctx = (php_v8js_ctx *) isolate->GetData();
#else
		php_v8js_ctx *ctx = (php_v8js_ctx *) isolate->GetData(0);
#endif
		v8::Local<v8::FunctionTemplate> new_tpl;
		v8js_tmpl_t *persist_tpl_;

		try {
			new_tpl = v8::Local<v8::FunctionTemplate>::New
				(isolate, ctx->template_cache.at(ce->name));
		}
		catch (const std::out_of_range &) {
			/* No cached v8::FunctionTemplate available as of yet, create one. */
			new_tpl = v8::FunctionTemplate::New();

			new_tpl->SetClassName(V8JS_STRL(ce->name, ce->name_length));
			new_tpl->InstanceTemplate()->SetInternalFieldCount(1);

			if (ce == zend_ce_closure) {
				/* Got a closure, mustn't cache ... */
				persist_tpl_ = new v8js_tmpl_t(isolate, new_tpl);
				/* We'll free persist_tpl_ via php_v8js_weak_closure_callback, below */
				new_tpl->InstanceTemplate()->SetCallAsFunctionHandler(php_v8js_php_callback);
			} else {
				/* Add new v8::FunctionTemplate to tpl_map, as long as it is not a closure. */
				persist_tpl_ = &ctx->template_cache[ce->name];
				persist_tpl_->Reset(isolate, new_tpl);
				/* We'll free persist_tpl_ when template_cache is destroyed */
				// Finish setup of new_tpl
				new_tpl->InstanceTemplate()->SetNamedPropertyHandler
					(php_v8js_named_property_getter, /* getter */
					 php_v8js_named_property_setter, /* setter */
					 php_v8js_named_property_query, /* query */
					 php_v8js_named_property_deleter, /* deleter */
					 php_v8js_named_property_enumerator, /* enumerator */
					 V8JS_NULL /* data */
					 );
				// add __invoke() handler
				zend_function *invoke_method_ptr;
				if (zend_hash_find(&ce->function_table, ZEND_INVOKE_FUNC_NAME,
								   sizeof(ZEND_INVOKE_FUNC_NAME),
								   (void**)&invoke_method_ptr) == SUCCESS &&
					invoke_method_ptr->common.fn_flags & ZEND_ACC_PUBLIC) {
					new_tpl->InstanceTemplate()->SetCallAsFunctionHandler(php_v8js_invoke_callback, PHP_V8JS_CALLBACK(isolate, invoke_method_ptr, new_tpl));
				}
			}
			v8::Local<v8::Array> call_handler_data = V8JS_NEW(v8::Array, isolate, 2);
			call_handler_data->Set(0, V8JS_NEW(v8::External, isolate, persist_tpl_));
			call_handler_data->Set(1, V8JS_NEW(v8::External, isolate, ce));
			new_tpl->SetCallHandler(php_v8js_construct_callback, call_handler_data);
		}

		// Create v8 wrapper object
		v8::Handle<v8::Value> external = V8JS_NEW(v8::External, isolate, value);
		newobj = new_tpl->GetFunction()->NewInstance(1, &external);

		if (ce == zend_ce_closure) {
			// free uncached function template when object is freed
			v8::Persistent<v8::Object> persist_newobj2(isolate, newobj);
			persist_newobj2.SetWeak(persist_tpl_, php_v8js_weak_closure_callback);
		}
	} else {
		v8::Local<v8::FunctionTemplate> new_tpl = v8::FunctionTemplate::New();	// @todo re-use template likewise

		new_tpl->SetClassName(V8JS_SYM("Array"));
		newobj = new_tpl->InstanceTemplate()->NewInstance();
	}

	/* Object properties */
	i = myht ? zend_hash_num_elements(myht) : 0;

	if (i > 0 && !ce)
	{
		zval **data;
		HashTable *tmp_ht;

		zend_hash_internal_pointer_reset_ex(myht, &pos);
		for (;; zend_hash_move_forward_ex(myht, &pos)) {
			i = zend_hash_get_current_key_ex(myht, &key, &key_len, &index, 0, &pos);
			if (i == HASH_KEY_NON_EXISTANT)
				break;

			if (zend_hash_get_current_data_ex(myht, (void **) &data, &pos) == SUCCESS)
			{
				tmp_ht = HASH_OF(*data);

				if (tmp_ht) {
					tmp_ht->nApplyCount++;
				}

				if (i == HASH_KEY_IS_STRING)
				{
					if (key[0] == '\0' && Z_TYPE_P(value) == IS_OBJECT) {
						/* Skip protected and private members. */
						if (tmp_ht) {
							tmp_ht->nApplyCount--;
						}
						continue;
					}
					newobj->Set(V8JS_STRL(key, key_len - 1), zval_to_v8js(*data, isolate TSRMLS_CC), v8::ReadOnly);
				} else {
					newobj->Set(index, zval_to_v8js(*data, isolate TSRMLS_CC));
				}

				if (tmp_ht) {
					tmp_ht->nApplyCount--;
				}
			}
		}
	}
	return newobj;
}
/* }}} */

static v8::Handle<v8::Value> php_v8js_hash_to_jsarr(zval *value, v8::Isolate *isolate TSRMLS_DC) /* {{{ */
{
	HashTable *myht = HASH_OF(value);
	int i = myht ? zend_hash_num_elements(myht) : 0;

	/* Return object if dealing with assoc array */
	if (i > 0 && _php_v8js_is_assoc_array(myht TSRMLS_CC)) {
		return php_v8js_hash_to_jsobj(value, isolate TSRMLS_CC);
	}

	v8::Local<v8::Array> newarr;

	/* Prevent recursion */
	if (myht && myht->nApplyCount > 1) {
		return V8JS_NULL;
	}

	newarr = V8JS_NEW(v8::Array, isolate, i);

	if (i > 0)
	{
		zval **data;
		ulong index = 0;
		HashTable *tmp_ht;
		HashPosition pos;

		for (zend_hash_internal_pointer_reset_ex(myht, &pos);
			SUCCESS == zend_hash_get_current_data_ex(myht, (void **) &data, &pos);
			zend_hash_move_forward_ex(myht, &pos)
		) {
			tmp_ht = HASH_OF(*data);

			if (tmp_ht) {
				tmp_ht->nApplyCount++;
			}

			newarr->Set(index++, zval_to_v8js(*data, isolate TSRMLS_CC));

			if (tmp_ht) {
				tmp_ht->nApplyCount--;
			}
		}
	}
	return newarr;
}
/* }}} */

v8::Handle<v8::Value> zval_to_v8js(zval *value, v8::Isolate *isolate TSRMLS_DC) /* {{{ */
{
	v8::Handle<v8::Value> jsValue;
	long v;

	switch (Z_TYPE_P(value))
	{
		case IS_ARRAY:
			jsValue = php_v8js_hash_to_jsarr(value, isolate TSRMLS_CC);
			break;

		case IS_OBJECT:
			jsValue = php_v8js_hash_to_jsobj(value, isolate TSRMLS_CC);
			break;

		case IS_STRING:
			jsValue = V8JS_STRL(Z_STRVAL_P(value), Z_STRLEN_P(value));
			break;

		case IS_LONG:
		    v = Z_LVAL_P(value);
			if (v < - std::numeric_limits<int32_t>::min() || v > std::numeric_limits<int32_t>::max()) {
				jsValue = V8JS_FLOAT((double)v);
			} else {
				jsValue = V8JS_INT(v);
			}
			break;

		case IS_DOUBLE:
			jsValue = V8JS_FLOAT(Z_DVAL_P(value));
			break;

		case IS_BOOL:
			jsValue = V8JS_BOOL(Z_BVAL_P(value));
			break;

		default:
		case IS_NULL:
			jsValue = V8JS_NULL;
			break;
	}
	return jsValue;
}
/* }}} */

int v8js_to_zval(v8::Handle<v8::Value> jsValue, zval *return_value, int flags, v8::Isolate *isolate TSRMLS_DC) /* {{{ */
{
	if (jsValue->IsString())
	{
		v8::String::Utf8Value str(jsValue);
		const char *cstr = ToCString(str);
		RETVAL_STRING(cstr, 1);
	}
	else if (jsValue->IsBoolean())
	{
		RETVAL_BOOL(jsValue->Uint32Value());
	}
	else if (jsValue->IsInt32() || jsValue->IsUint32())
	{
		RETVAL_LONG((long) jsValue->IntegerValue());
	}
	else if (jsValue->IsNumber())
	{
		RETVAL_DOUBLE(jsValue->NumberValue());
	}
	else if (jsValue->IsDate())	/* Return as a PHP DateTime object */
	{
		v8::String::Utf8Value str(jsValue);
		const char *cstr = ToCString(str);
		zend_class_entry *ce = php_date_get_date_ce();
#if PHP_VERSION_ID < 50304
		zval *param;

		MAKE_STD_ZVAL(param);
		ZVAL_STRING(param, cstr, 1);

		object_init_ex(return_value, ce TSRMLS_CC);
		zend_call_method_with_1_params(&return_value, ce, &ce->constructor, "__construct", NULL, param);
		zval_ptr_dtor(&param);

		if (EG(exception)) {
			return FAILURE;
		}
#else
		php_date_instantiate(ce, return_value TSRMLS_CC);
		if (!php_date_initialize((php_date_obj *) zend_object_store_get_object(return_value TSRMLS_CC), (char *) cstr, strlen(cstr), NULL, NULL, 0 TSRMLS_CC)) {
			return FAILURE;
		}
#endif
	}
	else if (jsValue->IsObject())
	{
		v8::Handle<v8::Object> self = v8::Handle<v8::Object>::Cast(jsValue);
		// if this is a wrapped PHP object, then just unwrap it.
		v8::Local<v8::Value> php_object = self->GetHiddenValue(V8JS_SYM(PHPJS_OBJECT_KEY));
		if (!php_object.IsEmpty()) {
			zval *object = reinterpret_cast<zval *>(v8::External::Cast(*php_object)->Value());
			RETVAL_ZVAL(object, 1, 0);
			return SUCCESS;
		}
		if ((flags & V8JS_FLAG_FORCE_ARRAY) || jsValue->IsArray()) {
			array_init(return_value);
			return php_v8js_v8_get_properties_hash(jsValue, Z_ARRVAL_P(return_value), flags, isolate TSRMLS_CC);
		} else {
			php_v8js_create_v8(return_value, jsValue, flags, isolate TSRMLS_CC);
			return SUCCESS;
		}
	}
	else /* types External, RegExp, Undefined and Null are considered NULL */
	{
		RETVAL_NULL();
	}

 	return SUCCESS;
}
/* }}} */

/*
 * Local variables:
 * tab-width: 4
 * c-basic-offset: 4
 * End:
 * vim600: noet sw=4 ts=4 fdm=marker
 * vim<600: noet sw=4 ts=4
 */