We can also quite simply allocate bigger blocks. Anyway, we need these
blocks to be aligned to their size which needs one mmap() two times
bigger and then two munmap()s returning the unaligned parts.
The user can specify -B <N> on startup when <N> is the exponent of 2,
setting the block size to 2^N. On most systems, N is 12, anyway if you
know that your configuration is going to eat gigabytes of RAM, you are
almost forced to raise your block size as you may easily get into memory
fragmentation issues or you have to raise your maximum mapping count,
e.g. "sysctl vm.max_map_count=(number)".
Add a wrapper function in sysdep to get random bytes, and required checks
in configure.ac to select how to do it. The configure script tries, in
order, getrandom(), getentropy() and reading from /dev/urandom.
From now, there are no auxiliary pointers stored in the free slab nodes.
This led to strange debugging problems if use-after-free happened in
slab-allocated structures, especially if the structure's first member is
a next pointer.
This also reduces the memory needed by 1 pointer per allocated object.
OTOH, we now rely on pages being aligned to their size's multiple, which
is quite common anyway.
In general, events are code handling some some condition, which is
scheduled when such condition happened and executed independently from
I/O loop. Work-events are a subgroup of events that are scheduled
repeatedly until some (often significant) work is done (e.g. feeding
routes to protocol). All scheduled events are executed during each
I/O loop iteration.
Separate work-events from regular events to a separate queue and
rate limit their execution to a fixed number per I/O loop iteration.
That should prevent excess latency when many work-events are
scheduled at one time (e.g. simultaneous reload of many BGP sessions).
This is an implementation of draft-walton-bgp-hostname-capability-02.
It is implemented since quite some time for FRR and in datacenter, this
gives a nice output to avoid using IP addresses.
It is disabled by default. The hostname is retrieved from uname(2) and
can be overriden with "hostname" option. The domain name is never set
nor displayed.
Minor changes by committer.
So one can define kernel protocol template without channels.
For other protocols, it is either irrelevant or already done.
Thanks to Clemens Schrimpe for the bugreport.
The log subsystem should be locked earlier, as default_log_list() may
internally manipulate with the current_log_list (if it is also a default
log list).
The static logging structures are reused, we need to reinitialize them
otherwise add_tail() would fail in debug build. Reinitializing these
structures should be fine as the list they belong to is being
reinitialized on entry to the very same function.
Thanks to Andreas Rammhold and Mikael Magnusson for patches.
This is a quick workaround for an issue where configured logfiles are
opened/created during parsing of a config file even when parse-and-exit
option is active. We should later refactor the logging code to avoid
opening log during parsing altogether.
When dynamic BGP with remote range is configured, MD5SIG needs to use
newer socket option (TCP_MD5SIG_EXT) to specify remote addres range for
listening socket.
Thanks to Adam Kułagowski for the suggestion.
The old code stored route verdicts and temporary routes directly in
rtable. The new code do not store received routes (it immediately
compares them with exported routes and resolves conflicts) and uses
internal bitmap to keep track of which routes were received and which
needs to be reinstalled.
By not putting 'invalid' temporary routes to rtable, we keep rtable
in consistent state, therefore scan no longer needs to be atomic
operation and could be splitted to multiple events.
Use a hierarchical bitmap in a routing table to assign ids to routes, and
then use bitmaps (indexed by route id) in channels to keep track whether
routes were exported. This avoids unreliable and inefficient re-evaluation
of filters for old routes in order to determine whether they were exported.
Names read from texfiles in /etc/iproute2/* are normalized by replacing
non-alphanumeric chars with underscore. The patch fixes handling of
uppercase letters, which were handled as non-alphanumberic.
Thanks to Igor Gavrilov for the bugreport.
The C11 specification allows only sig_atomic_t and _Atomic variable
access. All other accesses to global variables are undefined behavior.
Using int was probably OK on x86 and x86_64; yet there were some reports
from other architectures (especially some MIPS) that in rare cases,
after issuing SIGHUP, BIRD did strange things.
The command initiating planned graceful restart including bird shutdown
should be called 'graceful restart' instead of 'graceful down', as the
later should be reserved for graceful shutdown in style of RFC 8326.
When 'graceful down' command is entered, protocols are shut down
with regard to graceful restart. Namely Kernel protocol does
not remove routes and BGP protocol does not send notification,
just closes the connection.
Support for dynamically spawning BGP protocols for incoming connections.
Use 'neighbor range' to specify range of valid neighbor addresses, then
incoming connections from these addresses spawn new BGP instances.
The temporary atttributes are no longer removed by ea_do_prune(), but
they are undefined by store_tmp_attrs() protocol hooks. This fixes
several bugs where temporary attributes were removed when they should
not or not removed when they should be. The flag EAF_TEMP is no longer
needed and was removed.
Update all protocol make_tmp_attrs() / store_tmp_attrs() hooks to use
helper functions and to handle unset attributes properly.
Also fix some related bugs like improper handling of empty eattr list.
This is a major change of how the filters are interpreted. If everything
works how it should, it should not affect you unless you are hacking the
filters themselves.
Anyway, this change should make a huge improvement in the filter performance
as previous benchmarks showed that our major problem lies in the
recursion itself.
There are also some changes in nest and protocols, related mostly to
spreading const declarations throughout the whole BIRD and also to
refactored dynamic attribute definitions. The need of these came up
during the whole work and it is too difficult to split out these
not-so-related changes.
Since v2 we have multiple listening BGP sockets, and each BGP protocol
has associated one of them. Use listening socket that accepted the
incoming connection as a key in the dispatch process so only BGP
protocols assocaited with that listening socket can be selected.
This is necesary for proper dispatch when VRFs are used.
FreeBSD silently changes TTL to 1 when MSG_DONTROUTE is used, even when
it is explicitly set to another value. That breaks TTL security sockets,
including BFD which always uses TTL 255. Bad FreeBSD!
The old behavior was that enabling debugging did many nontrivial changes
in BIRD behavior. The patch changes it that these changes are generally
independent. Compiling with --enable-debug now just enables compile-time
debug macros, but do not automatically activate debug mode (-d) nor local
mode (-l). Debug mode with output to file (-D) do not force foreground
mode (-f), therefore there is no need for backgroud option (-b), which is
removed. Also fixes a bug when the default log target in -D mode was
stderr instead of given debug file.
Once upon a time, far far away, there were the old Bird developers
discussing what direction of route flow shall be called import and
export. They decided to say "import to protocol" and "export to table"
when speaking about a protocol. When speaking about a table, they
spoke about "importing to table" and "exporting to protocol".
The latter terminology was adopted in configuration, then also the
bird CLI in commit ea2ae6dd0 started to use it (in year 2009). Now
it's 2018 and the terminology is the latter. Import is from protocol to
table, export is from table to protocol. Anyway, there was still an
import_control hook which executed right before route export.
One thing is funny. There are two commits in April 1999 with just two
minutes between them. The older announces the final settlement
on config terminology, the newer uses the other definition. Let's see
their commit messages as the git-log tool shows them (the newer first):
commit 9e0e485e50
Author: Martin Mares <mj@ucw.cz>
Date: Mon Apr 5 20:17:59 1999 +0000
Added some new protocol hooks (look at the comments for better explanation):
make_tmp_attrs Convert inline attributes to ea_list
store_tmp_attrs Convert ea_list to inline attributes
import_control Pre-import decisions
commit 5056c559c4
Author: Martin Mares <mj@ucw.cz>
Date: Mon Apr 5 20:15:31 1999 +0000
Changed syntax of attaching filters to protocols to hopefully the final
version:
EXPORT <filter-spec> for outbound routes (i.e., those announced
by BIRD to the rest of the world).
IMPORT <filter-spec> for inbound routes (i.e., those imported
by BIRD from the rest of the world).
where <filter-spec> is one of:
ALL pass all routes
NONE drop all routes
FILTER <name> use named filter
FILTER { <filter> } use explicitly defined filter
For all protocols, the default is IMPORT ALL, EXPORT NONE. This includes
the kernel protocol, so that you need to add EXPORT ALL to get the previous
configuration of kernel syncer (as usually, see doc/bird.conf.example for
a bird.conf example :)).
Let's say RIP to this almost 19-years-old inconsistency. For now, if you
import a route, it is always from protocol to table. If you export a
route, it is always from table to protocol.
And they lived happily ever after.
The new MRT protocol is responsible for periodic RIB table dumps in the
MRT format (RFC 6396). Also the existing code for BGP4MP MRT dumps is
refactored and splitted between BGP to MRT protocols, will be more
integrated into MRT in the future.
Example:
protocol mrt {
table "*";
filename "%N_%F_%T.mrt";
period 60;
}
It is partially based on the old MRT code from Pavel Tvrdik.
Allow to specify log file size limit and ensure that log file is rotated
to secondary name to avoid exceeding of log size limit.
The patch also fixes a bug related to keeping old fds open after
reconfiguration and using old fds after 'configure undo'.
no more warnings
No more warnings over me
And while it is being compiled all the log is black and white
Release BIRD now and then let it flee
(use the melody of well-known Oh Freedom!)
BSD systems cannot use SO_DONTROUTE, because it does not work properly
with multicast packets (perhaps it tries to find iface based on multicast
group address). But we can use MSG_DONTROUTE sendmsg() flag for unicast
packets. Works on FreeBSD, is ignored on OpenBSD and is broken on NetBSD
(i guess due to integrated routing table and ARP table).
This is a fundamental change of an original (1999) concept of route
processing inside BIRD. During import/export, there was a temporary
ea_list created which was to be used instead of the another one inside
the route itself.
This led to some confusion, quirks, and strange filter code that handled
extended route attributes. Dropping it now.
The protocol interface has changed in an uniform way -- the
`struct ea_list *attrs` argument has been removed from store_tmp_attrs(),
import_control(), rt_notify() and get_route_info().
Use full time precision to initialize random generator. The old
code was prone to initialize it to the same values in specific
circumstances (boot without RTC, multiple VMs starting at once).
This patch adds support for source-specific IPv6 routes to BIRD core.
This is based on Dean Luga's original patch, with the review comments
addressed. SADR support is added to network address parsing in confbase.Y
and to the kernel protocol on Linux.
Currently there is no way to mix source-specific and non-source-specific
routes (i.e., SADR tables cannot be connected to non-SADR tables).
Thanks to Toke Hoiland-Jorgensen for the original patch.
Minor changes by Ondrej Santiago Zajicek.
On Linux, setting the ToS will also set the priority and the range of
accepted values is quite limited (masked by 0x1e). Therefore, 0xc0 is
translated to a priority of 0, not something we want, overriding the
"7" priority which was set previously explicitely. To avoid that, just
move setting priority later in the code.
Thanks to Vincent Bernat for the patch.
A filter should log messages only if executed explicitly (e.g., during
route export or route import). When a filter is executed for technical
reasons (e.g., to establish whether a route was exported before), it
should run silently.
The old timer interface is still kept, but implemented by new timers. The
plan is to switch from the old inteface to the new interface, then clean
it up.
Add basic VRF (virtual routing and forwarding) support. Protocols can be
associated with VRFs, such protocols will be restricted to interfaces
assigned to the VRF (as reported by Linux kernel) and will use sockets
bound to the VRF. E.g., different multihop BGP instances can use diffent
kernel routing tables to handle BGP TCP connections.
The VRF support is preliminary, currently there are several limitations:
- Recent Linux kernels (4.11) do not handle correctly sockets bound
to interaces that are part of VRF, so most protocols other than multihop
BGP do not work. This will be fixed by future kernel versions.
- Neighbor cache ignores VRFs. Breaks config with the same prefix on
local interfaces in different VRFs. Not much problem as single hop
protocols do not work anyways.
- Olock code ignores VRFs. Breaks config with multiple BGP peers with the
same IP address in different VRFs.
- Incoming BGP connections are not dispatched according to VRFs.
Breaks config with multiple BGP peers with the same IP address in
different VRFs. Perhaps we would need some kernel API to read VRF of
incoming connection? Or probably use multiple listening sockets in
int-new branch.
- We should handle master VRF interface up/down events and perhaps
disable associated protocols when VRF goes down. Or at least disable
associated interfaces.
- Also we should check if the master iface is really VRF iface and
not some other kind of master iface.
- BFD session request dispatch should be aware of VRFs.
- Perhaps kernel protocol should read default kernel table ID from VRF
iface so it is not necessary to configure it.
- Perhaps we should have per-VRF default table.
Anyway, Bird is now capable to insert both MPLS routes and MPLS encap
routes into kernel.
It was (among others) needed to define platform-specific AF_MPLS to 28
as this constant has been assigned in the linux kernel.
No support for BSD now, it may be added in the future.
Dropped struct mpnh and mpnh_*()
Now struct nexthop exists, nexthop_*(), and also included struct nexthop
into struct rta.
Also converted RTD_DEVICE and RTD_ROUTER to RTD_UNICAST. If it is needed
to distinguish between these two cases, RTD_DEVICE is equivalent to
IPA_ZERO(a->nh.gw), RTD_ROUTER is then IPA_NONZERO(a->nh.gw).
From now on, we also explicitely want C99 compatible compiler. We assume
that this 20-year norm should be known almost everywhere.
- Unit Testing Framework (BirdTest)
- Integration of BirdTest into the BIRD build system
- Tests for several BIRD modules
Based on squashed Pavel Tvrdik's int-test branch, updated for
current int-new branch.
BIRD passed string from configuration to openlog(), which kept it
internally. After reconfiguration the old string was freed, therefore
openlog had invalid copy.
Thanks to Chris Caputo for the original patch.
Kernel protocol calls rt_export_merged(), which used @rte_update_pool for
temporary allocations, supposing it is called from other functions from
rt-table.c that handles locking and flushing of the linpool. Therefore,
linpool was not flushed properly and memory leaked.
Add linpool argument to rt_export_merged() and use @krt_filter_lp when
called from kernel protocol.
Thanks to Justin Cattle and Alexander Frolkin for the bugreport.
(Commit squashed and updated by Ondrej Zajicek)
Also removed the lib-dir merging with sysdep. Updated #include's
accordingly.
Fixed make doc on recent Debian together with moving generated doc into
objdir.
Moved Makefile.in into root dir
Retired all.o and birdlib.a
Linking the final binaries directly from all the .o files.
==00:00:00:02.831 2468== Syscall param socketcall.setsockopt(optval) points to uninitialised byte(s)
==00:00:00:02.831 2468== at 0x513BDEA: setsockopt (in /usr/lib/libc-2.23.so)
==00:00:00:02.831 2468== by 0x45C7AF: sk_setup (io.c:1216)
==00:00:00:02.831 2468== by 0x45CDFF: sk_open (io.c:1417)
==00:00:00:02.831 2468== by 0x44B562: rip_open_socket (packets.c:740)
==00:00:00:02.831 2468== by 0x4481A7: rip_iface_locked (rip.c:616)
==00:00:00:02.831 2468== by 0x4133E4: olock_run_event (locks.c:177)
==00:00:00:02.831 2468== by 0x45A6DE: ev_run (event.c:85)
==00:00:00:02.831 2468== by 0x45A7AD: ev_run_list (event.c:142)
==00:00:00:02.831 2468== by 0x45E0FC: io_loop (io.c:2066)
==00:00:00:02.831 2468== by 0x463B56: main (main.c:845)
==00:00:00:02.831 2468== Address 0xffefffd24 is on thread 1's stack
==00:00:00:02.831 2468== in frame #1, created by sk_setup (io.c:1188)
==00:00:00:02.831 2468== Uninitialised value was created by a stack allocation
==00:00:00:02.831 2468== at 0x45C6BB: sk_setup (io.c:1188)
Add code for manipulation with TCP-MD5 keys in the IPsec SA/SP database
at FreeBSD systems. Now, BGP MD5 authentication (RFC 2385) keys are
handled automatically on both Linux and FreeBSD.
Based on patches from Pavel Tvrdik.
Many protocols do almost the same when creating a rte_update request
before calling rte_update2(). This commit should simplify the protocol
side of the route-creation routine.
In BIRD, RX has lower priority than TX with the exception of RX from
control socket. The patch replaces heuristic based on socket type with
explicit mark and uses it for both control socket and BGP session waiting
to be established.
This should avoid an issue when during heavy load, outgoing connection
could connect (TX event), send open, but then failed to receive OPEN /
establish in time, not sending notifications between and therefore
got hold timer expired error from the neighbor immediately after it
finally established the connection.
When a kernel route changed, function krt_learn_scan() noticed that and
replaced the route in internal kernel FIB, but after that, function
krt_learn_prune() failed to propagate the new route to the nest, because
it confused the new route with the (removed) old best route and decided
that the best route did not changed.
Wow, the original code (and the bug) is almost 17 years old.
The patch adds support for channels, structures connecting protocols and
tables and handling most interactions between them. The documentation is
missing yet.
Explicit setting of AF_INET(6|) in IP socket creation. BFD set to listen
on v6, without setting the V6ONLY flag to catch both v4 and v6 traffic.
Squashing and minor changes by Ondrej Santiago Zajicek
Since 2.6.19, the netlink API defines RTA_TABLE routing attribute to
allow 32-bit routing table IDs. Using this attribute to index routing
tables at Linux, instead of 8-bit rtm_table field.
Symbol lookup by cf_find_symbol() not only did the lookup but also added
new void symbols allocated from cfg_mem linpool, which gets broken when
lookups are done outside of config parsing, which may lead to crashes
during reconfiguration.
The patch separates lookup-only cf_find_symbol() and config-modifying
cf_get_symbol(), while the later is called only during parsing. Also
new_config and cfg_mem global variables are NULLed outside of parsing.
New data types net_addr and variants (in lib/net.h) describing
network addresses (prefix/pxlen). Modifications of FIB structures
to handle these data types and changing everything to use these
data types instead of prefix/pxlen pairs where possible.
The commit is WiP, some protocols are not yet updated (BGP, Kernel),
and the code contains some temporary scaffolding.
Comments are welcome.
If the number of sockets is too much for select(), we should at least
handle it with proper error messages and reject new sockets instead of
breaking the event loop.
Thanks to Alexander V. Chernikov for the patch.
When a new route was imported from kernel and chosen as preferred, then
the old best route was propagated as a withdraw to the kernel protocol.
Under some circumstances such withdraw propagated to the BSD kernel could
remove the new alien route and thus reverting the import.
When an interface goes down, (Linux) kernel removes routes pointing to
that ifacem but does not send withdraws for them. We rescan the
kernel table to ensure synchronization.
Thanks to Alexander Demenshin for the bugreport.
Although RFC 3542 allows both cases, Theo de Raadt thinks
he knows better, and msg_controllen without last padding
fails on OpenBSD.
Thanks to Job Snijders for the bugreport.
I/O:
- BSD: specify src addr on IP sockets by IP_HDRINCL
- BSD: specify src addr on UDP sockets by IP_SENDSRCADDR
- Linux: specify src addr on IP/UDP sockets by IP_PKTINFO
- IPv6: specify src addr on IP/UDP sockets by IPV6_PKTINFO
- Alternative SKF_BIND flag for binding to IP address
- Allows IP/UDP sockets without tx_hook, on these
sockets a packet is discarded when TX queue is full
- Use consistently SOL_ for socket layer values.
OSPF:
- Packet src addr is always explicitly set
- Support for secondary addresses in BSD
- Dynamic RX/TX buffers
- Fixes some minor buffer overruns
- Interface option 'tx length'
- Names for vlink pseudoifaces (vlinkX)
- Vlinks use separate socket for TX
- Vlinks do not use fixed associated iface
- Fixes TTL for direct unicast packets
- Fixes DONTROUTE for OSPF sockets
- Use ifa->ifname instead of ifa->iface->name
RIP sockets for multiple ifaces collided, because we cannot bind to
a specific iface on BSD. Workarounded by SO_REUSEPORT.
Thanks to Eugene M. Zheganin for the bugreport.
The bug caused that krt_prefsrc attribute was not processed when a route
received from a kernel protocol was exported to another kernel protocol.
Thanks to Sergey Popovich for a bugreport.
Implemented eval command can be used to evaluate expressions.
The patch also documents echo command and allows to use log classes
instead of integer as a mask for echo.
Interfaces for OSPF and RIP could be configured to use (and request)
TTL 255 for traffic to direct neighbors.
Thanks to Simon Dickhoven for the original patch for RIPng.
Implements support for IPv6 traffic class, sets higher priority for OSPF
and RIP outgoing packets by default and allows to configure ToS/DS/TClass
IP header field and the local priority of outgoing packets.
Several new configure command variants:
configure undo - undo last reconfiguration
configure timeout - configure with scheduled undo if not confirmed in timeout
configure confirm - confirm last configuration
configure check - just parse and validate config file
When 'import keep rejected' protocol option is activated, routes
rejected by the import filter are kept in the routing table, but they
are hidden and not propagated to other protocols. It is possible to
examine them using 'show route rejected'.
Allows to send and receive multiple routes for one network by one BGP
session. Also contains necessary core changes to support this (routing
tables accepting several routes for one network from one protocol).
It needs some more cleanup before merging to the master branch.
- ROA tables, which are used as a basic part for RPKI.
- Commands for examining and modifying ROA tables.
- Filter operators based on ROA tables consistent with RFC 6483.
Which was, actually, a bug in timers - on older kernel, monotonic timer
is missing and the other implementation started with now == 0, which
collides with usage 0 as a special value in timer->expires field.
In usual configuration, such export is already restricted
with the aid of the direct protocol but there are some
races that can circumvent it. This makes it harder to
break kernel device routes. Also adds an option to
disable this restriction.
- Adds check to deny config file with no specified protocol to prevent
loading of empty config file.
- Moves CLI init before config parse to receive immediate error message
when cannot open control socket.
- Fixes socket name path check and other error handling in CLI init.
When device protocol goes down, interfaces should be flushed
asynchronously (in the same way like routes from protocols are flushed),
when protocol goes to DOWN/HUNGRY.
This fixes the problem with static routes staying in kernel routing
table after BIRD shutdown.
- BSD kernel syncer is now self-conscious and can learn alien routes
- important bugfix in BSD kernel syncer (crash after protocol restart)
- many minor changes and bugfixes in kernel syncers and neighbor cache
- direct protocol does not generate host and link local routes
- min_scope check is removed, all routes have SCOPE_UNIVERSE by default
- also fixes some remaining compiler warnings
It seems that by adding one pipe-specific exception to route
announcement code and by adding one argument to rt_notify() callback i
could completely eliminate the need for the phantom protocol instance
and therefore make the code more straightforward. It will also fix some
minor bugs (like ignoring debug flag changes from the command line).
