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SNMP: User documentation, grammar improvements
This commit is contained in:
Vojtech Vilimek
parent
6e95cc521e
commit
305f873c6e
351
doc/bird.sgml
351
doc/bird.sgml
@ -535,7 +535,7 @@ include "tablename.conf";;
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Set global defaults of MRTdump options. See <cf/mrtdump/ in the
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following section. Default: off.
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<tag><label id="opt-filter">filter <m/name local variables/{ <m/commands/ }</tag>
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<tag><label id="opt-filter">filter <m/name local variables/ { <m/commands/ }</tag>
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Define a filter. You can learn more about filters in the following
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chapter.
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@ -548,7 +548,7 @@ include "tablename.conf";;
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<cf><m/name/</cf>). You can learn more about configuring protocols in
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their own chapters. When <cf>from <m/name2/</cf> expression is used,
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initial protocol options are taken from protocol or template
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<cf><m/name2/</cf> You can run more than one instance of most protocols
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<cf><m/name2/</cf>. You can run more than one instance of most protocols
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(like RIP or BGP). By default, no instances are configured.
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<tag><label id="opt-template">template rip|ospf|bgp|<m/.../ [<m/name/ [from <m/name2/]] { <m>protocol options</m> }</tag>
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@ -5432,16 +5432,355 @@ protocol static {
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<label id="snmp">
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<p>The Simple Network Management Protocol is protocol for collecting and
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managing network devices.
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managing network devices. Managed information is divided into so called MIBs --
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Management Information Bases. Each MIB describe information and semantics it
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provides. The SNMP architecture is very flexible, some MIB are standartized by
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IETF, others published by independent third parties.
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<p>The BIRD SNMP support is achieved by an additional component -- a SNMP deamon
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acting as AgentX master agent. Currently we only support TCP connection.
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<p>The BIRD SNMP support is achieved by an additional component -- a SNMP daemon
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with AgentX protocol support. The SNMP daemon acts as an AgentX master agent and
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deal with user authentication, access control and managing MIB regions in OID
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tree. BIRD instance acts as AgentX subagent, register configurated MIBs and
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provides queried data. The AgentX communication protocol between master agent
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and subagents does not consider security what so ever. It is therefore upon the
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user to use the AgentX in a secure way. This can be achieved either by using
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Unix Domain sockets on same host or by using secure tunnel. Note that following
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sections containing pieces of Net-SNMP configuraiton are only meant as a helper
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for cold start, or as a pointer what to search for, not as full reference. For
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full reference consult the original manpages.
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<p>An example of SNMP protocol configuration.
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<sect1>SNMP Daemon configuration
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<p>We recommend you to use Net-SNMP implementation of daemon and utilities, quick
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guide below assume that. Net-SNMP implementation is quite popular so you should
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find it's packages inside your distribution package manager.
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<sect2>Example snmpd configuration
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<p>
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<code>
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# file /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf
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# minimal SNMPv3 config
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agentx master
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agentaddress udp:192.0.2.64
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agentXSocket tcp:198.51.100.2
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createUser snmp_name MD5 example_pass
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rwuser snmp_name noauth
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</code>
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<sect2>AgentX Enabling
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<p>
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<code>
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# File /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf
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agentx master
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agentXSocket [unix:|tcp:|tcp6:]<address>[,...]
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agentXPerms <sockperms> [<dirperms> [<user>|<uid> [<group>|<gid>]]]
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agentaddress [<trasport-type>:]<trasport-address>[,...]
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</code>
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<descrip>
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<tag><label id="snmpd-agentx-master">agentx master</tag>
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SNMP daemon will enable AgentX functionality and start listening on
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configured AgentX address.
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<tag><label id="snmpd-agentxsocket">agentXSocket
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[unix:|tcp:|tcp6:]<m/trasport-address/[,...] </tag>
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Define address to listen for AgentX subagent. Use one of <cf>unix:,
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tcp:, tcp6:</cf> transport type. Other transport type are not supported
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by BIRD and also not mentioned in AgentX RFC, see <rfc id="2741">.
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Default: Unix Domain socket <file>/var/run/agentx/master</file>.
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<tag><label id="snmpd-agentxperms">agentXPerms <m/sockperms/
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[<m/dirperms/ [<m/user/|<m/uid/ [<m/group/|<m/gid/]]]</tag>
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Define common permissions for AgentX listening Unix Domain sockets. Both
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<m/sockperms/ and <m/dirperms/ must be octal digits like for
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<m/chmod(1)/. Option <m/user/ is string and <m/uid/ is numeric user id.
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Same for <m/group/ and <m/gid/.
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<tag><label id="snmpd-agentaddress">agentaddress
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[<m/transport-type/:]<m/trasport-address/[,...]</tag>
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Define address, or list of addresses, to listen for SNMP requests (send
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for example by <it/snmpwalk(1)/). You most likely want <m/trasport-type/ to
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be one from <cf/udp:/, <cf/udp6:/, <cf/tcp:/, <cf/tcp6:/, <cf/unix:/,
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<cf/ssh:/ but Net-SNMP support even more transport types.
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Value <m/transport-address/ define address, Net-SNMP should be able to
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derive <m/trasport-type/ from <m/transport-address/. Beware that for
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Unix Domain socket derivation to work, the path must start with /. Also
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note that the working directory of snmpd daemon is filesystem root.
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Default: UDP on all IPv4 interfaces on port 161. (e.g.
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<cf>agentaddress udp6:localhost:161</cf>,
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<cf>agentaddress tcp:192.0.2.1</cf>,
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<cf>agentaddress /var/run/mydir/agentx_master</cf>,
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<cf>agentaddress localhost,/p/u1,/p/u2</cf>).
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</descrip>
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<sect2>Configure access
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<p>You can use the SNMPv3 USM module for user authorization, or use simpler older
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version SNMPv1/SNMPv2c with authentication by community. Other means of
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authorization are also possible (e.g. external Kerberos) but out of scope of
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this guide.
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<sect3>SNMPv3 USM
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<p>
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<code>
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# file /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf (continuation)
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createUser [-e <engineid>] <username> (MD5|SHA|SHA-512|SHA-384|SHA-256|SHA-224) <authpassphrase> [DES|AES] [<pass>]
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rwuser [-s secmodel] <user> [noauth|auth|priv [<oid> | -V <view> [<context>]]]
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rouser [-s secmodel] <user> [noauth|auth|priv [<oid> | -V <view> [<context>]]]
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</code>
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<descrip>
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<tag><label id="snmpd-createuser">createUser [-e <m/engineid/]
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<m/username/ (MD5|SHA|SHA-512|SHA-384|SHA-256|SHA-224)
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<m/authpassphrase/ [DES|AES] [<m/privpassphrase/] </tag>
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Create user with in order specified username, authentication type,
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authentication password, private protocol and private password. If the
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private password is not used, it fallbacks to same password as the
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authentication one.
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<tag><label id="snmpd-rwuser">rwuser [-s <m/secmodel/] <m/user/
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[noauth|auth|priv [<m/oid/ | -V <m/view/ [<m/context/]]]</tag>
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Give user with selected security level read-write permissions
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to the defined <m/oid/ OID subtree or <m/view/ view,
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see <ref id="snmp_view" name="view definition">. Security level
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<cf>noauth</cf> does not require authentication, <cf>auth</cf> requires
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authentication and <cf>priv</cf> authentication with enforced message
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encryption. View is a Net-SNMP construct to name and group set of OID
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subtrees with optional context. Contexts are currently not supported by
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BIRD.
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<tag><label id="snmpd-rouser">rouser [-s <m/secmodel/] <m/user/
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[noauth|auth|priv [<m/oid/ | -V <m/view/ [<m/context/]]]</tag>
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Same as <cf>rwuser</cf> but only with read permissions.
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</descrip>
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<sect3>SNMPv1/SNMPv2c community-based
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<p>
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<code>
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# file /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf (continuation)
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rwcommunity <community> [<source> [<oid> | -V <view> [<context>]]]
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rocommunity <community> [<source> [<oid> | -V <view> [<context>]]]
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rwcommunity6 <community> [<source> [<oid> | -V <view> [<context>]]]
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rocommunity6 <community> [<source> [<oid> | -V <view> [<context>]]]
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view <vname> (include|exclude) <oid> [<mask>]
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</code>
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<descrip>
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<tag><label id="snmpd-rwcommunity">rwcommunity <m/community/ [<m/source/
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[<m/oid/ | -V <m/view/ [<m/context/]]]</tag>
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Create a community with read-write permissions named <m/community/.
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Option <m/source/ is used to restrict senders of request, use
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<cf>"default"</cf> as a placeholder in doubts. You can also restrict
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accessible regions of OID tree to OID subtree of <m/oid/ or named
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<m/view/, otherwise the access is unrestricted to the whole OID tree.
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Contexts are currently not supported by BIRD.
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<tag><label id="snmpd-rocommunity">rocommunity <m/community/> [<m/source/
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[<m/oid/ | -V <m/view/ [<m/context/]]]</tag>
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Same as <cf>rwcommunity</cf> but only with read permissions.
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<tag><label id="snmpd-rwcommunity6">rwcommunity6 <m/community/
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[<m/source/ [<m/oid/ | -V <m/view/ [<m/context/]]] </tag>
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Is <cf>rwcommunity</cf> for packet received using IPv6.
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<tag><label id="snmpd-rocommunity6">rocommunity6 <m/community/
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[<m/source/ [<m/oid/ | -V <m/view/ [<m/context/]]]</tag>
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Same as <cf>rwcommunity6</cf> but only with read permissions.
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<tag><label id="snmpd-view">view <m/vname/ (include|exclude) <m/oid/ [<m/mask/]</tag>
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Define a named grouping of OIDs. May be used multiple times with same
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<m/vname/.
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</descrip>
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<sect1>BIRD SNMP configuration
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<p>
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<code>
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protocol snmp [<name>] {
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agentx master address (default|<unix_path>|<ip> [port <port>]);
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subagent description <text>;
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source address <ip>;
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registration priority <num>;
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message timeout <time>;
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start delay time <time>;
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verbose <switch>;
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mib bgp4 {
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local as <num>;
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local router id <ip4>;
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peer <name>;
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};
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}
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</code>
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<descrip>
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<tag><label id="snmp-master">agentx master address
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(default|<m/unix_path/|<m/ip/ [port <m/port/])</tag>
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Address of AgentX master. Default is <cf>"/var/run/agentx/master"</cf>.
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String option <m/unix_path/ select transport over Unix Domain sockets
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with selected path address. Option <m/ip/ select transport over TCP.
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Default port for TCP transmission is 705.
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<tag><label id="snmp-descr">subagent description <m/text/</tag>
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Short string describing the subagent. Default: "bird".
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<tag><label id="snmp-src-addr">source address <m/ip/</tag>
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For TCP based AgentX communication sets socket's source address.
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<tag><label id="snmp-reg-priority">registration priority <m/number/</tag>
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Set AgentX registration priority for all MIBs. Lower values have higher
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priority. Valid interval 0-255. Default: 127.
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<tag><label id="snmp-msg-timeout">message timeout <m/time/ s|ms</tag>
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Set timeout for all AgentX messages. With 1 second granurality with
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values from interval 0-255. Default: 15 s.
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<tag><label id="snmp-start-delay">start delay time <m/time/ s|ms</tag>
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Wait <m/time/ before sending first packet after protocol start.
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<tag><label id="snmp-verbose">verbose <m/switch/</tag>
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Enable logging of events connected to AgentX master pinging. Default:
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verbose logging is disabled.
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<tag><label id="snmp-bgp4-mib">mib bgp4</tag>
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Enable BGP4-MIB which is defined in <rfc id="4273">. The support is
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limited to BGP4-MIB::bgpPeerTable; the BGP4-MIB::bgpRcvdPathAttrTable,
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BGP4-MIB::bgpPathAttrTable, traps and notifications are not supported.
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<tag><label id="snmp-bgp4-local-as">local as <m/number/</tag>
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Specify Local As for BGP4 MIB (BGP4-MIB::bgpLocalAs.0). This option is
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required.
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<tag><label id="snmp-bgp4-router-id">local router id <m/IPv4 address/</tag>
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Specify Router ID for BGP4 MIB (BGP4-MIB::bgpLocalIdentifier.0). This
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option is required.
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<tag><label id="snmp-bgp4-peer">peer <m/name/</tag>
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Make information about BGP protocol <m/name/ accessible. This protocol
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must over IPv4 (this limitation is introduced by the BGP4-MIB). May
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be used multiple times.
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</descrip>
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<sect2>An example SNMP protocol configuration
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<p>
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<code>
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protocol bgp ibgp1 {
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local as 2;
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router id 192.0.2.1;
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/* ... */
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}
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protocol bgp ibgp2 {
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local as 4;
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router id 192.0.2.128;
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/* ... */
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}
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protocol snmp snmp1 {
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agentx master address 198.51.100.2;
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mib bgp4 {
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local as 2;
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local router id 192.0.2.1;
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peer ibgp1;
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peer ibgp2;
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}
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}
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</code>
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<sect1>Accessing MIB data
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<p>To save some keystrokes and to avoid putting passwords in shell history, you
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could use common configuration file for all Net-SNMP command line utilities.
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Here is an example:
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<code>
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# file ~/.snmp/snmp.conf
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defVersion (1|2c|3)
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defCommunity <community>
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defSecurityName <username>
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defAuthType (MD5|SHA|SHA-512|SHA-384|SHA-256|SHA-224)
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defAuthPassphrase <authpass>
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defPrivType (DES|AES)
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defPrivPassphrase <privpass>
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clientaddr [<transport-type>:]<transport-address>
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</code>
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<descrip>
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<tag><label id="snmpcmd-version">defVersion (1|2c|3)</tag>
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Select version of SNMP packets, must follow
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<file>/etc/snmp/snmpd.conf</file>. Use only if community/view based
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configuration.
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<tag><label id="snmpcmd-community">defCommunity <m/community/</tag>
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Use by default given community. Use only for SNMP version 1 and 2c as
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community as kind of a username for these versions.
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<tag><label id="snmpcmd-authtype">defAuthType
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(MD5|SHA|SHA-512|SHA-384|SHA-256|SHA-224)</tag>
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Select authentication type.
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<tag><label id="snmpcmd-authpass">defAuthPassphrase <m/authpass/</tag>
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Set authentication password.
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<tag><label id="snmpcmd-privtype">defPrivType (DES|AES)</tag>
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Select private protocols.
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<tag><label id="snmpcmd-privpass">defPrivPassphrase <m/privpass/</tag>
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Set private password used for encryption.
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<tag><label id="snmpcmd-clientaddr">clientaddr
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[<m/transport-type/:]<m/transport-address/</tag>
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SNMP command line utility equivalent to <cf>agentaddress</cf> daemon
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option.
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</descrip>
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<p>For further information, see <it/snmp.conf(5)/.
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<p>Example of configuration for Net-SNMP utils.
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<code>
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# SNMPv3
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defVersion 3
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defSecurityName snmp_name
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defSecurityLevel noAuthNoPriv
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defAuthType MD5
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defAuthPassphrase example_pass
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</code>
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<code>
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$ # <snmputil> <master-address> <oid>[ <oid> [...]]
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$ snmpget 192.0.2.64 BGP4-MIB::bgpLocalAs.0
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$ snmpgetnext 192.0.2.64 BGP4-MIB::bgpPeerState BGP4-MIB::bgpPeerAdminStatus
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$ snmpwalk 192.0.2.64 BGP4-MIB::bgp
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$ snmptable 192.0.2.64 BGP4-MIB::bgpPeerTable
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</code>
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<p>We recommend you to check manpages for Net-SNMP utilities mentioned above,
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such as <it/snmp_config(5)/, <it/snmpd.conf(5)/, <it/snmpd(8)/,
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<it/snmp.conf(5)/, <it/snmpcmds(1)/, <it/snmpget(1)/, <it/snmpgetnext(1)/,
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<it/snmpbulkget(1)/, <it/snmpwalk(1)/, <it/snmptable(1)/.
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<chapt>Conclusions
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<label id="conclusion">
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5
doc/snmp.conf.example
Normal file
5
doc/snmp.conf.example
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
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defSecurityName snmp_name
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defAuthType MD5
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defAuthPassphrase test_pass
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defSecurityLevel noAuthNoPriv
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defVersion 3
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18
doc/snmpd.conf.example
Normal file
18
doc/snmpd.conf.example
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
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#
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# snmpd configuration file
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#
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# SNMP connection address
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agentaddress 127.0.0.1
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# enable AgentX protocol
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master agentx
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# AgentX connection address
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agentXSocket tcp:localhost:705
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# Create example user
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createUser snmp_name MD5 test_pass
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rwuser snmp_name noauth
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@ -749,12 +749,14 @@ bgp4_next_peer(struct mib_walk_state *state, struct snmp_pdu *c)
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void
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snmp_bgp4_show_info(struct snmp_proto *p)
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{
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/* TODO: Use special code (not -1006) for printing MIB, or BGP4-MIB data?
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* don't forget add it into doc/reply_code */
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||||
cli_msg(-1006, " BGP4-MIB");
|
||||
cli_msg(-1006, " Local AS %u", p->bgp4_local_as);
|
||||
cli_msg(-1006, " Local router id %R", p->bgp4_local_id);
|
||||
cli_msg(-1006, " BGP peers");
|
||||
|
||||
if (p->bgp_hash.count == 0)
|
||||
if (p->bgp_hash.count == 0 || !snmp_is_active(p))
|
||||
{
|
||||
cli_msg(-1006, " <no peers available>");
|
||||
}
|
||||
@ -767,7 +769,7 @@ snmp_bgp4_show_info(struct snmp_proto *p)
|
||||
cli_msg(-1006, " Protocol name: %s", peer->bgp_proto->p.name);
|
||||
cli_msg(-1006, " Remote IPv4 address: %I4", peer->peer_ip);
|
||||
cli_msg(-1006, " Remote router id %R", peer->bgp_proto->remote_id);
|
||||
// TODO: add local ip addr
|
||||
/* TODO: add peer connection local ip */
|
||||
}
|
||||
HASH_WALK_END;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
@ -31,6 +31,7 @@ snmp_proto:
|
||||
|
||||
snmp_proto_item:
|
||||
proto_item
|
||||
| bgp4_mib
|
||||
| SOURCE ADDRESS ipa { SNMP_CFG->local_ip = $3; }
|
||||
| AGENTX MASTER ADDRESS DEFAULT {
|
||||
if (SNMP_CFG->trans_type != SNMP_TRANS_DEFAULT)
|
||||
@ -47,15 +48,20 @@ snmp_proto_item:
|
||||
}
|
||||
| AGENTX MASTER ADDRESS ipa {
|
||||
if (SNMP_CFG->trans_type != SNMP_TRANS_DEFAULT)
|
||||
cf_error("Duplicit option remote address");
|
||||
cf_error("Duplicit option agentx master address");
|
||||
|
||||
SNMP_CFG->master_ip = $4;
|
||||
SNMP_CFG->trans_type = SNMP_TRANS_TCP;
|
||||
}
|
||||
| AGENTX MASTER PORT expr {
|
||||
/* TODO better grammar name (maybe: AX MSTR ADDRESS ipa / ADDRESS ipa [PORT] expr) */
|
||||
if (($4 < 1) || ($4 > 65535)) cf_error("Invalid port number");
|
||||
SNMP_CFG->master_port = $4;
|
||||
| AGENTX MASTER ADDRESS ipa PORT expr {
|
||||
if (SNMP_CFG->trans_type != SNMP_TRANS_DEFAULT)
|
||||
cf_error("Duplicit option agentx master address");
|
||||
|
||||
if (($6 < 1) || ($6 > UINT16_MAX)) cf_error("Invalid port number");
|
||||
|
||||
SNMP_CFG->master_ip = $4;
|
||||
SNMP_CFG->trans_type = SNMP_TRANS_TCP;
|
||||
SNMP_CFG->master_port = $6;
|
||||
}
|
||||
| SUBAGENT DESCRIPTION text {
|
||||
if (strlen($3) > UINT16_MAX - 1) cf_error("Description is too long");
|
||||
@ -89,8 +95,8 @@ snmp_proto_item:
|
||||
;
|
||||
|
||||
bgp4_mib:
|
||||
BGP4 MIB '{' bgp4_mib_items '}'
|
||||
| MIB BGP4 '{' bgp4_mib_items '}'
|
||||
MIB BGP4 '{' bgp4_mib_items '}'
|
||||
| BGP4 MIB '{' bgp4_mib_items '}'
|
||||
;
|
||||
|
||||
bgp4_mib_items:
|
||||
@ -136,7 +142,6 @@ bgp4_mib_peer: PEER symbol
|
||||
snmp_proto_opts:
|
||||
/* empty */
|
||||
| snmp_proto_opts snmp_proto_item ';'
|
||||
| snmp_proto_opts bgp4_mib
|
||||
;
|
||||
|
||||
snmp_proto_start: proto_start SNMP
|
||||
@ -151,8 +156,8 @@ snmp_proto_start: proto_start SNMP
|
||||
SNMP_CFG->master_port = SNMP_PORT;
|
||||
SNMP_CFG->master_path = agentx_master_addr;
|
||||
SNMP_CFG->trans_type = SNMP_TRANS_DEFAULT;
|
||||
SNMP_CFG->bgp4_local_id = 0;
|
||||
SNMP_CFG->bgp4_local_as = 0;
|
||||
SNMP_CFG->bgp4_local_id = 0;
|
||||
SNMP_CFG->verbose = 0;
|
||||
|
||||
SNMP_CFG->description = "bird";
|
||||
|
||||
@ -11,10 +11,11 @@
|
||||
* DOC: Simple Network Management Protocol
|
||||
*
|
||||
* The SNMP protocol is divided into several parts: |snmp.c| which implements
|
||||
* the BIRD intergration, |subagent.c| contains functions for creating and
|
||||
* parsing packets, |bgp4_mib.c| takes care of the bgp MIB subtree of standard
|
||||
* BGP4-MIB and |snmp_utils.c| which is collections of helper functions for
|
||||
* working with OIDs, VarBinds.
|
||||
* integration with BIRD core, |subagent.c| provides AgentX subagent behaviour
|
||||
* as well as functions for creating and parsing packets. In file |mib_tree.c|
|
||||
* is implemented OID prefix tree for storing supported MIBs. File |bgp4_mib.c|
|
||||
* implements parts of BGP4-MIB, |snmp_utils.c| is collection of helper
|
||||
* functions for whole SNMP protocol.
|
||||
*
|
||||
* Althrough called SNMP the BIRD does not implement SNMP directly but acts as
|
||||
* an AgentX subagent. AgentX subagent connects to AgentX master agent that
|
||||
@ -40,6 +41,9 @@
|
||||
*
|
||||
*
|
||||
*
|
||||
*/
|
||||
|
||||
/*
|
||||
* SNMP State Machine
|
||||
*
|
||||
* States with main transitions
|
||||
|
||||
@ -390,8 +390,8 @@ snmp_put_fbyte(byte *buf, u8 data)
|
||||
|
||||
/**
|
||||
* snmp_oid_compare - find the lexicographical order relation between @left and @right
|
||||
* @left: left object id relation operant
|
||||
* @right: right object id relation operant
|
||||
* @left: left object id relation operand
|
||||
* @right: right object id relation operand
|
||||
*
|
||||
* both @left and @right has to be non-blank.
|
||||
* function returns 0 if left == right,
|
||||
|
||||
Loading…
Reference in New Issue
Block a user