#include <iostream>

using std::cin;
using std::cout;
const char endl = '\n';

const int N = 1e5 + 5;
const int mod = 998244353;

int t, n, m, fac[N], inv[N], fac_inv[N];

inline int binpow(int a, int b) {
    a %= mod;

    int res = 1;

    while (b) {
        if (b & 1) res = static_cast<long long>(res) * a % mod;
        a = static_cast<long long>(a) * a % mod;
        b >>= 1;
    }

    return res;
}

inline int C(int n, int m) {
    return static_cast<long long>(fac[n]) * fac_inv[m] % mod * fac_inv[n - m] % mod;
}

int main() {
    std::ios::sync_with_stdio(false);
    cin.tie(nullptr);

    fac[0] = 1;
    for (int i = 1; i < N; i++) {
        fac[i] = static_cast<long long>(fac[i - 1]) * i % mod;
    }

    inv[0] = inv[1] = 1;
    for (int i = 2; i < N; i++) {
        inv[i] = static_cast<long long>(mod - mod / i) * inv[mod % i] % mod;
    }

    fac_inv[0] = fac_inv[1] = 1;
    for (int i = 2; i < N; i++) {
        fac_inv[i] = static_cast<long long>(fac_inv[i - 1]) * inv[i] % mod;
    }

    cin >> t;

    while (t--) {
        cin >> n >> m;

        cout << static_cast<long long>(binpow(2, n - m)) * C(n, m) % mod << endl;
    }

    return 0;
}